Understanding gas behavior in channel systems fundamentally requires differentiating between laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Laminar flow, marked by smooth, parallel layers of substance, arises at lower velocities and Reynolds numbers. Imagine observing a perfectly ordered parade of particles; that's a simplified analogy. Conversely, turbulent … Read More

While groundbreaking for its time, the Bohr model featured several limitations that ultimately led to its replacement. One primary problem was its failure to accurately predict the spectra of multi-electron atoms. The model also failed to account for phenomena like quantumjumps. Furthermore, its predictable nature contradicted with the inherent pro… Read More